He who knows the male (active force) and keeps to the
female (the passive force or receptive element)
Becomes the ravine of the world.
Being the ravine of the world,
He will never depart from eternal virtue,
But returns to the state of infancy.
He who knows the white (glory) and yet keeps to the
black (humility),
Becomes the model for the world.
Being the model for the world,
He will never deviate from eternal virtue,
But returns to the state of the Ultimate of Non-being.
He who knows glory but keeps to humility,
Becomes the valley of the world,
He will be proficient in eternal virtue,
And returns to the state of simplicity (uncarved wood).
When the uncarved wood is broken up, it is turned into
concrete things (as Tao is transformed into the myriad things).
But when the sage uses it, he becomes the leading official.
Therefore the great ruler does not cut up.
Chapter 28 has a lot of repetition like some of the other chapters, and it reaches back to them as well. Again we talk about the feminine as a passive virtue, but here he discusses the masculine force briefly. Remember that this black and white, female and male dichotomy is also present in the taiji. Isn't it interesting that the black is the virtuous over the white? Turns spaghetti westerns and Star Wars on its head.
Consider that Taoism looks for ultimate practicality and simplicity, and glory is neither.
Ultimately, Lao Tzu reaches back to chapters 6 and 8 by discussing the virtue of the passive feminine and the dwelling in the low places of the world.
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